Relationship Essay -- science

Relationship The connection among people has consistently been muddled and some of the time even a truly adoring relationship can't endure if individuals picked their own aching as a need. Regardless of how solid are the estimations of a man or a lady they ought to always remember about sentiments and joy that are no place else to be found yet in the core of the cherished individual. People battle seeing someone: battle for more freedom, battle to demonstrate their rightness and keep overlooking that adoration isn't a battle however a â€Å"mutual support alliance†. William Carlos Williams in his story â€Å"The Buffalos† gives an extraordinary case of a connection between a man and a lady. Francie in this story has a specific idea of what a relationship ought to resemble. She looks for being cherished, unde...

Human Nature as Viewed by Thomas Hobbes and David Hume Essay -- Philos

Human instinct as Viewed by Thomas Hobbes and David Hume Thomas Hobbes in Chapter 13 of Leviathan, and David Hume in Section 3 of An Enquiry Concerning the Princples of Morals, give perspectives on human instinct. Hobbes’ see catches survivalism as huge in our inclination yet can't represent unselfishness. We spread Hobbes’ hypothesis with a hypothesis of Varied Levels of Survivalism, clarifying a bigger group of conduct with the establishment Hobbes gives. Hume gives a situation which doesn't straightforwardly demonstrate productive, however he captures sacrificial conduct. We will give Hobbes’ perspective on human instinct as he depicts it in Chapter 13 of Leviathan. We will at that point give a contention for setting an explaining layer over the Hobbesian see so as to represent demonstrations of benevolence. Hobbes sees human instinct as the war of each man against each man. For Hobbes, the substance of human instinct can be discovered when we consider how man acts separated from any administration or request. Hobbes depicts the world as â€Å"a time of war, where each man is foe to each man.† (Hobbes mp. 186) In such a world, there are â€Å"no expressions; no letters; no general public; and which is to top it all off, constant dread, and threat of rough demise; and the life of man, singular, poor, terrible, brutish, and short.† (Hobbes mp. 186) Hobbes accepts that laws are what direct us from acting similarly now. He proves that our inclination is like this by refering to that we keep on locking our entryways inspired by a paranoid fear of burglary or mischief. Hobbes gives a decent contention which is in accordance with what we are aware of survivalism, and confirmations his case well. Hobbes guarantees that man is forever discontent in having organization, except if tha t organization is totally overwhelmed. He says, â€Å"men have no delight, (yet on the opposite an extraordinary dea... ...vivalist intuition that includes self-protection. Hobbes, be that as it may, can't clarify charitableness, along these lines we built up the Varied Levels of Survivalism as a layer over his hypothesis. This change takes into account fluctuating thought processes dependent on conditions, all dependent on endurance. Hume observes this selfless inclination yet he gives a situation that is either inapplicable or he doesn't channel survivalism from humankind. Using Hobbes’ survivalism, Hume’s liberality when able, and the Varied Levels of Survivalism, we show up at a reasonable hypothesis of human instinct and clarification of human conduct. Works Cited Hobbes, Thomas. (2001, October 30) Leviathan (1651). Accessible at: http://www.infidels.org/library/recorded/thomas_hobbes/leviathan.html Hume, David, 1772 (republished in 2004) An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding (New York, Barnes and Noble)

Smoking Can Make Hangovers More Intense

Smoking Can Make Hangovers More Intense Addiction Alcohol Use Binge Drinking Print How Smoking Can Make Hangovers More Intense By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 04, 2015 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on December 08, 2019 MAURO FERMARIELLO/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/Getty Images More in Addiction Alcohol Use Binge Drinking Withdrawal and Relapse Children of Alcoholics Drunk Driving Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery If you drink and smoke cigarettes and you have severe hangover symptoms, you might want to cut down on the number of cigarettes you smoke on the days you drink heavily. The nicotine may be contributing to the intensity of your hangover symptoms. Alcohol drinkers who smoke heavily on the same day they drink heavily are more likely to experience a hangover the next day than those who do not smoke. Those hangover symptoms are likely to be more intense depending on how much you smoked during the day, researchers have found. At the same number of drinks, drinkers who smoked more were likely to have more severe hangovers. A Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies at Brown University study of 113 college students over an eight-week period examined the effect smoking had on hangover symptoms. The study participants were controlled for other factors, such as past-year drug use. More Severe Hangover Symptoms Even when the participants were controlled for age first smoked regularly, the frequency of drug use, type of drug involvement, gender, or smoking status, the results of the study was the same: heavy smoking caused more severe hangover symptoms. For the sake of the study, heavy drinking was defined as having five or six beers over the course of an hour, which would result in the students having an estimate blood-alcohol concentration of 0.11. The Health Risks of Heavy Drinking Unsure of Nicotines Role The researchers found that the most intense hangover symptoms were not caused simply because the students smoked more when they drank more. Those who consumed the same number of alcoholic beverages had a more intense hangover if they smoked more. The researchers are not sure why the combination of nicotine and alcohol causes more intense symptoms, but they suspect it is related to how both drugs release dopamine in the brain. Other studies have shown that smoking and drinking at the same time actually boosts the release of dopamine in the brain, so nicotine and alcohol are somehow connected in how they affect the brain, researchers said. Hangovers Can Be a Safety Hazard Researcher Damaris J. Rohsenow, Ph.D. said the danger in more severe hangovers lies with how a hangover can affect your attention and reaction time. He suggested that those with a bad hangover might not want to drive or work in safety-sensitive occupations while experiencing hangover symptoms. Previous studies have found that smoking can increase the negative effects on the brain caused by long-term heavy alcohol consumption. There are already plenty of reasons to avoid both smoking and heavy drinking, Rohsenow said in a news release, These findings suggest that if smokers are going to indulge in heavy alcohol use, it would be wise to at least cut down on cigarettes. How to Prevent and Lessen Severity of Hangovers

The House On Mango Street By Sandra Cisneros - 1297 Words

When writers are first coming to the drawing board to think of a story to create, most of the advice given to them is â€Å"write what you know.† This was perfect advice for Mexican-American writer Sandra Cisneros, who draws upon her coming-of-age events throughout her childhood and adolescence in â€Å"The House on Mango Street.† Drawing from life stories, her alter ego â€Å"Esperanza† describes everything from the house she lived in, to the hair on people’s heads. These personal stories show a stark contrast for any reader of a different culture, and confirm feelings for those of the same culture. However, these stories include themes that are essentially the dealings of growing up, something that most all, including myself, can relate to. The structure of the collection of stories is as bright and exuberant as the words she uses to describe them, often sporadic and intuitive, something that feels like a teenager would write. Her narrative tone as Esper anza sets her unique upbringing into the spotlight, along with the figurative language and persona she uses to communicate her perspective. The relation into this story I feel the most is the simple struggles of the surrounding cultures and happenings on Mango Street, that inform much about how you’re raised and see the world. Through this, Cisneros comments both on the culture she was raised in, and makes you question the one you were raised in, as she recounts her distinctive formative years. The opening of â€Å"The House On MangoShow MoreRelatedThe House On Mango Street By Sandra Cisneros1132 Words   |  5 Pageslives. In the collection of short stories, The House on Mango Street, by Sandra Cisneros, she focuses on a young Hispanic girl named Esperanza Cordero who grew up on Mango Street. As she is changing and maturing, she writes down her experiences about discrimination of gender, sexual orientation, and more. Esperanza s transformation from a young and innocent gir l to a mature woman is displayed through her self-realization and experiences that help Cisneros reveal how one s own experiences can lead toRead MoreThe House On Mango Street By Sandra Cisneros913 Words   |  4 Pagesvignettes that made up â€Å"The House on Mango Street†, a coming-of-age novel by Mexican-American writer Sandra Cisneros. Cisneros in this specific vignette reveals the inherent oppressiveness of all marriages, which by their nature rob people of their independence. Sally is not even eight grades and she gets married. Her husband is a marshmallow salesman that she meets at a school bazaar. She moves to another state where is legal their marriage. Sally tells Esperanza about her house and domestic objects thatRead MoreThe House On Mango Street By Sandra Cisneros1854 Words   |  8 Pages The Street That Changed a Life The House on Mango Street, by Sandra Cisneros, displays a great emphasis on culture and people helping form a young girl into a young lady. The main character, Esperanza, has to navigate a mentally and physically challenging life growing up in a poor, Hispanic neighborhood while still learning how to mature and rise above the poverty that surrounds her. Thus, the question arises: in what way and to what extent does close human interaction change Esperanza’s lifeRead MoreThe House On Mango Street By Sandra Cisneros886 Words   |  4 PagesThe House on Mango Street is a novel by Sandra Cisneros. The novel is acclaimed by critics and used in schools all around the world. â€Å"The House on Mango Street† is about a young Latina girl who is about the age of 12 when the novel begins. Sandra’s novels have sold over two million copies. Sandra was born on December 20, 1984, in Chicago, Illinois. In 2016, President Barack Obama presented her with the medal of ‘Nat ional Medal of Arts’. Title: The House on Mango Street Author: Sandra Cisneros TheRead MoreThe House On Mango Street By Sandra Cisneros2004 Words   |  9 PagesIn The House on Mango Street, by Sandra Cisneros, twelve-year-old Esperanza Cordero must navigate through the trials and tribulations that one can associate when encountering young adulthood. The author Cisneros, utilizes her unique writing style of vignettes to illustrate the narrative voice of Esperanza in her text. A major theme that can be seen as the most prominent thus far, is on the feminist role of Esperanza as a female in her Latin American culture. The House on Mango Street is an overallRead MoreThe House On Mango Street By Sandra Cisneros753 Words   |  4 PagesWhen you look at the cover of the book, The House on Mango Street, you see bright colors and a fun font. The first vignette that Sandra Cisneros writes is about Esperanza, a young Latino girl wishing that she had her own house, a house with trees and white fences. The way that Cisneros writes screams â€Å"little girl.† Howe ver, as you dive deeper into the book, the subject of each vignette gets darker. Slowly, we start to see the dangers of growing up as a young Latino girl in a Chicago neighborhoodRead MoreThe House On Mango Street By Sandra Cisneros1688 Words   |  7 PagesThe House on Mango Street, a novella by Sandra Cisneros, revolves around the idea of a developing Latino girl facing the difficulties of transitioning to a young mature woman. Esperanza moves into a house on Mango Street, where she meets many diverse influential people as she attempts to discover her true identity and understanding of the world. While doing this, she encounters the struggles of her community, socioeconomic class, and heritage. Esperanza’s opposing view of herself slowly adjusts asRead MoreThe House on Mango Street by Sandra Cisneros766 Words   |  3 Pagesliterary analysis on â€Å"The House on Mango Street† by Sandra Cisneros. This story takes place in the center of an over populated Latino neig hborhood in Chicago, a city where many of the poor areas are ethnically segregated. This novella uses two main symbols shoes and trees. Later in the literary analysis I will explain what these mean to the main characters. There are three main characters in the novella Esperanza, Sally and Nenny (short for â€Å"Magdalena†). The House on Mango Street tells the life of EsperanzaRead MoreThe House On Mango Street By Sandra Cisneros1087 Words   |  5 PagesRiaz Salehi The House on Mango Street by Sandra Cisneros, portrays the life of a teenage girl named Esperanza living on Mango Street. Though Esperanza lives in a diverse city, pre-existing stereotypes are affecting how others(women?) are perceived and treated. Esperanza starts to see how to change her community and the negative view of herself by taking the wrong actions of other women and connecting them to her own life experiences. To begin with, Esperanza always saw this great distinctionRead MoreThe House On Mango Street By Sandra Cisneros2190 Words   |  9 Pagessociety centuries after its foundation. One of the books I feel perfectly touches on ethnicity in America specifically is Sandra Cisneros The House on Mango Street. Cisneros tells a coming of age story through brief episodes of a girl named Esperanza her life varying from things about her family, neighborhood, and different dreams and goals that she has. The House on Mango street is a personal and touching look at what it means to be a minority/immigrant in America as well what it means to grow up

Importance of Sex(Gender Role) - 1672 Words

A gender role is a theoretical construct in the social sciences and humanities that refers to a set of social and behavioral norms that, within a specific culture, are widely considered to be socially appropriate for individuals of a specific gender. Proponents of gender role theory assert that observed gender differences in behavior and personality characteristics are, at least in part, socially constructed, and therefore, the product of socialization experiences; this contrasts with other models of gender that assert that gender differences are essential to biological sex. Research supports this theory, finding gender differences in almost all societies, but with differences in the norms adopted, suggesting that gender differences†¦show more content†¦These varied opinions of ethnoconvergence represent themselves in a spectrum; assimilation, homogenization, acculturation, gender identities and cultural compromise are commonly used terms for ethnoconvergence which flavor t he issues to a bias. Often it is in a secular, multi-ethnic environment that cultural concerns are both minimalized and exacerbated; Ethnic prides are boasted, hierarchy is created (center culture versus periphery) but on the other hand, they will still share a common culture, and common language and behaviors. Often the elderly, more conservative-in-association of a clan, tend to reject cross-cultural associations, and participate in ethnically similar community-oriented activities. Traditional gender roles include male attraction to females, and vice versa. Gay, lesbian and bisexual people, among others, usually dont conform to these expectations. An active conflict over the cultural acceptability of non-heterosexuality rages worldwide. (See Societal attitudes towards homosexuality.) The belief or assumption that heterosexual relationships and acts are normal is described — largely by the opponents of this viewpoint — as heterosexism or in queer theory, heteronormativity. Perhaps it is an attempt to reconcile this conflict that leads to a common assumption that one same-sex partnerShow MoreRelatedWasserstroms Arguments Relating to the Unimportance of Gender and Its Importance on Promoting Sex Roles1435 Words   |  6 PagesIn this paper, I will discuss Wasserstrom’s arguments relating to the unimportance of gender and how differentiating people based on their gender promotes the harmful ideology of sex roles. I will then present Schlafly’s arguments which regard the differences between men and women as justifiable due to the fact that these differences are not only natural, but also practical and obligatory, and show that they are inferior to Wasserstrom’s arguments. I will argue this by elaborating on Wassertrom’sRead MoreTheoretical Analysis of Mrs Doubtfire999 Words   |  4 Pagesanalyzing the movie from a different perspective paints it in a much darker tone. The comedy of the film covers up underlying predisposition s the Western culture has on sex and gender. There are many blatant as well as minute details of the film that point not only to biases of sex and gender but also to the prevalence of gender roles. Also the film shows the stresses of veering away from a social institution engraved into our society and how the viewer responds to that action. Within the movie MrsRead MoreSex And Gender And Deviant Behavior893 Words   |  4 PagesThere is significant value in continuing research sex and gender differences in psychology, as substantial differences in particular psychological processes exist. Perhaps the most impactful area that psychologists can continue to study sex and gender differences is in psychopathologies and deviant behavior. This is for two reasons: because significant sex and gender differences exist in the manifestation, diagnosis, and treatment of certain psychopathologies and deviant behavior; and that this categoryRead MoreAnalyzing Kessler-Harris and Scotts Views on Ge nder Issues1360 Words   |  5 PagesKessler Harris and Scott on Gender Issues Abstract Drawing on Joan Scotts Gender: A Useful Category of Historical Analysis and on Alice Kessler-Harriss Just price, Free Market and the Value of Women, the following questions will be answered, How has the equality of women and men been expressed according to both Scott and Kessler-Harris? Why gender has become a useful category of historical analysis for historians? How different (other) historians view gender? What are Kessler-HarrissRead MoreGender Differences Within Social Development1747 Words   |  7 Pagesresearch paper is set to inform the reader of the gender differences through social development. Depending on a child’s gender, things such as gender identity and social acceptance have a great impact in their development. The first thing parents learned about their children before birth is the sex of the baby. This highlights the importance of sex and gender. Sex differences have long been a very important topic in psychology and in understanding why gender differe nces affect social development. SocialRead MoreGender and Human Sexuality1375 Words   |  6 PagesGender and human sexuality has major importance in lives. This can determine whether a person is healthy or not; not only physically but mentally as well. Also, having a certain gender can change the way feelings are obtain their own character. It is about finding yourself within the gender given and personal human sexuality. Gender can determine actions made by either a male or female called it gender norms. The human sexuality could be defined as thoughts, fantasies, morals, relationship, and attitudesRead MoreUnderstanding The Cognitive Processes Of Organizational Psychology950 Words   |  4 Pagesreview of the literature related to sex, and Sczesny Eagle (2009), generally they are the people who are disadvantaged women in executive positions, and the heads of various stereotypes about men and women, this step forward. These stereotypes, under the influence of historical and cul tural areas. In order to heads of men and women of women has changed slightly on cultural stereotypes, but research consistently observed in all these actions. Sczesny Eagle and the role of men, despite the employment ofRead MoreThe Dynamics Of Gender Formation1034 Words   |  5 Pages The Dynamics of Gender Formation Although some people believe that the sex role theory or the socialization model of gender as a process, in which we absorb instructions prescribed by the social institutions to act in the acceptable way to our biological sex, is a trivial issue, it is in fact crucial in terms of today’s concern over the gender formation. This significance is accurately noticed by Raewyn Connell, a renown sociologist who proclaimed her views in the essay â€Å"Gender in Personal Life†Read Morediscuss nature vs nurture in gender development901 Words   |  4 Pagesnurture debate in gender development There are generally two sides to the nature versus nurture debate of gender. The nature side of the argument states sex and gender is for the most part, biologically determined and that the two sexes think and act differently, often in opposing ways. Also that gender is fixed and not much changing across cultures and time periods. On the other side of the debate is nurture. The nurture side of the debate states that gender which is the way that sex is shown in theRead More‚Äà ºGender‚Äà ¹ and the Importance of ‚Äà ºthe Social Construction of Gender.‚Äà ¹835 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Gender† and the Importance of â€Å"The Social Construction of Gender.† Gender is an individual s natural sense of themselves existing as a male or female, which may hold opposing views from their biological sex. I believe sex and gender are two terms used interchangeably. Sex implies the biological characteristics among females and males. Whereas gender implies the social qualities connected with being a female or male. As Lorber states, â€Å"I am arguing that bodies differ physiologically, but they

Simulation Reflective Journal Free Essays

Simulation Reflective Journal Look back We were four in our group and we were given a scenario of a patient who was having an anaphylactic reaction from bee sting venom. The group agreed that I will be the primary nurse. As the primary nurse, I knew that I had to lead and supervised our group in responding to the emergency situation at hand. We will write a custom essay sample on Simulation Reflective Journal or any similar topic only for you Order Now Having played the role of a primary nurse in this simulation, I have gained meaningful experience, which I can use in my future nursing practice. Elaborate Being the primary nurse, I assigned each of my group members to a specific task. I assigned one colleague to assess the vital signs of the patient. In the scenario there were two medications that should be administered to the patient, the epinephrine and another anti-histamine drug, so I assigned two persons to prepare it. There was a delay in the administration of epinephrine since there were two epinephrine pre-filled automatic injections in the medication box. The person I assigned to it was confused which of the two will be used, so she asked me which one will be used. I’m not really sure what to answer, so I just told her to select the latest one and inject it immediately. Unfortunately the person who will administer the epinephrine did not know how to use the pre-filled automatic injection and neither did I. It took us sometimes to figure out how to inject it. As for the other medication, it was not stated in the scenario when to inject it. The person in-charge of preparing the medication also asked me when to inject it and again I’m not sure what to answer. I told her to wait for a few minutes before injecting it. I belatedly remember that in case of doubts, this matter should be referred to the doctor. Analyze The simulation has made me realized how crucial the role of the primary nurse during emergency situation. One must be thoroughly trained and must possess critical thinking skill before becoming a primary nurse since being the leader, members of the team tend to seek guidance to promote efficient nursing care. As a primary nurse in this simulation my colleagues addressed questions to me about the medications that are critical to the patient’s survival. My answers were not decisive which reflect my weak critical thinking skill. For example, when it comes to medication administration, in instances where things are not clear, it should always be referred to the doctor which in this case I belatedly remembered. Nurses should also make sure that they knew how to use all the equipment that is used in the nursing care. In a medical emergency situation, every second counts. In the simulation, epinephrine administration was delayed since the nurse did not know how to use the automatic injection. Over-all the simulation had a significant impact to my learning process. Revise For the next simulation, I am hoping that I have improved my critical thinking skills in nursing to effectively perform whatever role I will have. Moreover, since simulations are actual situations in real life clinical settings that are being played out by the students, I will research on applicable evidenced based nursing intervention and applied it during the simulation. Applying this type of intervention during the simulation will reinforce my knowledge of effective nursing intervention and will enable me to acquire a more meaningful experience that could be applied in actual clinical setting. I will also try my very best to find out what possible equipment will be used in carrying out nursing care for a given clinical setting that will be simulated aside from the equipment being used in assessing routine vital signs so that I could learn in advance how to use it. New Trial Experience gained from this simulation is very useful in my clinical practice and future nursing practice. It was instilled in my mind that appropriate nursing training and critical thinking skill is a must in any clinical setting in order to deliver efficient nursing care. In this regard I will honed my nursing skills through readings and diligent practice and apply it in actual clinical setting, I will discuss with the instructor, relevant observations in clinical practice to acquire thorough understanding of the patient’s situation in order to identify and apply evidenced based nursing intervention. How to cite Simulation Reflective Journal, Essays

Integrative Case Study Assignment Of British Airways

Question: Describe about the Environmental scan, External competitive factors,competitive strategy and Ethical issues of British Airways? Answer: Executive summary The assignment will discuss the major factors such as external and internal factors with respect to Pestle and porters analysis. The competitive strategy of the chosen organization will be discussed with respect to the competitive factors and strategic initiatives. Different functional areas will be implemented with respect to strategic initiatives in the assignment followed with the ethical issues in the assignment. Thus, it will conclude as a summary. Introduction This report has been prepared on British Airways, one of the leading and established airline companies in the UK. The major business faced by the organization has been included in this work. BA provides commercial services to the clients from the national and international market. The company is known for the extensive routes and improved code sharing method. BA also renders cargo services to the clients, and it is known for its reliable and cost effective services. The predecessor of the company was ATT, which was in the year 1919. In the year 1924, the airline company includes eight companies that render services to major parts of the European nations and the UK. The company through strategic planning extended the services to different parts of the globe (Buxey, 2000). Pestle analysis helps to understand the different factors called as political, economical, social, technological, legal and ecological factors. British airways focused on successful research to deal with the business successfully. It is vital to understand the different factors that impacts on the organizational performance. Environmental scan External general factors Pestle analysis Political factors With the change on the different policies and taxes, the charges of freight can be carried that impacts the business and the rules and policies of the business are required to be followed by the management of the company. With respect to the same, the internal policies are designed by the company to increase the changes in terms of freight charges and passenger flight tickets also impacts the business performance. With the increase in the security in the aviation industry, the company also has to ensure the rules important for safe travel of the passengers. The factors associated with the political reasons had a direct and major impact on the business purposely plan drafted by the company. Deregulation acts or policies introduced by the federal authorities from the UK or different countries. Constant changes in the rules and policies drafted by the authorities had impacted the strategies for business performance by the company. The expansion plan had to be implemented after analysing the benefits associated with the same. In this process, the management had aimed to provide low cost services to the clients. Through this method, BA intended to retain larger stake in the industry. The threat was also associated with the increasing number of terrorism attack, which had affected the airline industries. Air attacks, hijacks, and other factors always have a negative impact on the business performance. The threat prevail to exist in the industry despite of the necessary security measures introduced by the management of the company Due to increase in the introducing of the safety measure methods, the operational expenses associated with handling the airline industry has increased. Such factor majorly affects the business performance, despite of implementing corrective steps for improving the quality of services (Karuppusami, Gandhinathan, 2006) Economical factors The slow performance of the company with respect to the recession in the global world also impacts the business and BA has also expanded its business in the past by moving into ventures and partnership with different airline companies across the world. The recession in the United States of America in the year 2008-2009 had the huge affect on the level of performance of the business and in terms of freight charges. The global recession also has a drastic affect on the business that is important to produce cheap and inexpensive services afforded by the client. In the economic factors, the company has to analyse the global crisis on the business performance. It includes analysing the global economic crisis, which has a direct impact on the business objectives. The fluctuations in the oil and gas price impacts the price of the services rendered to the clients. Due to recession and global financial crisis, the demand of the travel industry decreases. This affects the business strategies p repared by the management. Besides this the company always works towards rendering quality services to the clients, as this will enable to remain ahead of the competitors. There are there airline companies that face serious financial crisis. This impacts the stability of the company and its future goals (Prajogo, McDermott, 2005). Social factors Many customers go for travel through different modes of transportation such as buses, trains and others. It depends on the distance intended to be travelled by the client. British Airways has been changing the perceptions and views of the travelers and trying to motivate them to travel through flight modes. This could increase the business of the company and also the management is concerned on offering high quality and better services at an affordable price. It also includes the requirements of the clients and there is willingness to pay the price for the services by the management to existing and potential customers. The expectations of the customers from different parts of the globe have increased tremendously. Increase in the earnings of majority of the people positively affects the business. However, increase in unemployment and reduction in the earning ability of the customers has also impacted the business. Customers fear about various terrorist threats, and thus prefer to choo se options when it comes to flying (Quesada and Gazo, 2007). Technological factors The technology has been the major concern for the company and it also increased the threats of terrorists attacks. Therefore, the management looks for the up gradation of security policies for the company. This will help to deal with the security of the clients and is required to enhance the level of performance for the company. Thus, the technology includes up gradation on security checks for passenger travel and freight travels. The effectiveness of the system and price are the major factors that are to be concentrated by the management. Due to increase in the level of competition, companies these days work towards introducing better technology. Through this method, the management of the company work towards providing quality and reliable services to the clients. This includes sharing the required information with the customers with the help of the latest technology. In this method, the management ensures to provide services like booking through online method, access of important i nformation through smartphones, and others. With the help of such services the company works towards improving the quality of services that has been proposed to be rendered to the clients. The company has introduced effective technology, through which the customer can save a lot on the check-in and check-out time. This is one of the most important factors, through which the quality of services proposed to be rendered to the clients can be improved. Besides this, the company has also proposed to provide internet reliable services, which includes video and web access (Schermerhorn et al., 2003). Ecological factors With respect to high technology and the introduction of Boeings, it decreases the costs that occur on the consumption of fuels. This will involve with respect to the ecological system and it will cause less pollution in terms of air. Thus, an effort can be made with respect to the organization and for this, the system of data processing that could be changed. Legal factors The legal factors for the increase on the venturing into new business that is required to be careful and needs to be managed. This will help to maintain high level of transparency and stakeholders could attract easily towards the business performance. The airline industry is increasingly regulated and the scope of such rules and regulations arrive from infrastructure challenges to route flights and slot capacity through new security and environmental needs. In this method, the company work towards following the rules and regulations associated with the customer rights and employee protection. Both the factors are quite important and play a key role in the up fitment of the services that has been proposed to be rendered to the clients. The management also works towards developing and implementing environmental guidelines, through which the challenges associated with the business execution, are drafted and implemented. The trade unions are recognized and corrective steps are implemente d by the business authorities. In order to carry out the tasks in the right manner, the company has also entered into the open sky agreement. Through this method, the management intends to reduce on the disagreements and other factors that can affect the business performance (Salaheldin, 2009). Environmental factors Few environmental issues in the aviation industry are noise, air pollution, land take, water pollution and waste management. The aircraft noise has the ability to affect the quality of life and half a million people resides close to the UK airports. Aircraft and vehicles have access to airports that emits air pollutants like carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons etc. It can affect the habitats and heritage. Like many organizations, British Airways also face challenges with climate change and government as well as policy makers require airlines to deal with the growth of emissions. (Researchkorner, 2013) Ethical factors In this process, the management work towards reducing the wastages and polluting the atmosphere. The aircrafts are designed and tested to emit less carbon or cause noise pollution. Such factors are meant to improve the performance of the airline services. As the airline consume less fuel, it is possible for the company to reduce on the operational expenses. The company, along with the staffs works towards creating green issue awareness. This would help in reducing the pollution caused to the environment (Schwager, 2004). External competitive factors Porters five forces The five forces model was developed by Michael Porter and is very powerful with respect to its ability to deal with the market scenarios. In this, British Airways market situation will be discussed on the basis of five forces. It will enable the company to increase profitability. Bargaining power of customers Customers are highly price sensitive and want greater service on an affordable price. The less concentration of customers to suppliers indicates that there is a little bargaining power and it is strong in the low cost market with respect to low differentiation between market offers. The use of internet provides awareness to deal it in a better approach. Bargaining power of suppliers There is high power of bargaining among suppliers and there are two existing and major aero plane manufacturers known as Boeing and Airbus with huge competitiveness. This creates high bargaining power and British Airways are limited with a sole supplier for fuels and they use collective bargaining through trade unions in terms of increasing the power of bargaining. Threat of entrants The threat of entrants depends upon the barriers to entry such as significant barriers towards new entry with respect to the competitive environment. There are high costs of capital and barriers to exit are in position that reduces new entrants. The failure of recent airlines like Zoom and XI also deter new entrants. Thus, there is high amount of supply chain and distribution networks. Threat of substitutes The threat of substitutes focus on the ability of the buyer to switch to other product and hence, alternatives and substitutes to air travel, it is easy to know that there is no other approach towards long haul air travel with respect to time, amount and thus, the substitutes for short haul locations exist that varies from coach to car to rail. Rivalry British Airways concentrates on both the long haul as well as short haul flights. There is a little differentiation within long haul among the competitors and the company in terms of pricing and service dealings. The short haul market is highly fragmented with many other small players. Thus, the direct competitive rivalry is fierce with Virgin Airways. It was aggressive in which company goes to move in mergers by the British Airways. There has also been increase in the competition. Industry critical success factors The key success factors for industry indicate the requirements for improving the performance of the airline company. Management of the company makes decision in order to achieve the decided overall goals and target. In order to realize the key success factors for the industry, it is essential to gather the required knowledge related to business execution. In this method, the challenges are evaluated and corrective steps to implement the right strategies are implemented. One of the challenges that impact the performance of the company is related to the management. With the help of strong and foresighted management, it has been possible for the company to handle the changing demands and needs of the customers. In order to operate the business and introduce extension plan, it is necessary to analyse the success key factors. Through this method, BA could analyse the challenges involved with the business execution. British airlines successfully analysed the market environmental factors, through which the required changes could be implemented. In this case, the management planned for the economic growth and evaluated the world trading fluctuations. Required information was collected, as the management intended to venture into international business. The relevance of the airline companies has tremendously increased, due to globalisation. Travellers choose to travel to different locations in the world for personal and business purpose. Due to decrease in th e cost of travel, it has now become possible for the travellers to choose the services rendered by the airline company. BA has introduced Boeing services which made the services quite reliable and cost effective (Cleland and Ireland, 2002). The other key success factor is associated with the analysis of the external factors that can directly impact the business performance. Through the evaluation, the management analysed the opportunities and the major threats that could affect the performance of the company. The challenges were analysed, and proposal to introduce procedural changes were introduced by BA. Such a factor was done through positive implementation of the strategic plan. Negative aspects associated with the threats associated with external factors of the business were analysed. Through such a procedure an attempt was made to improve the quality of services that were provided by the company to the clients (Das, Kumar, Kumar, 2011). Internal strengths and weakness The challenges faced by the airline industries are increasing. Thus, it is important to draft an effective strategy through which the corrective measures can be introduced for improving the quality of the services. Challenges associated with the investors and clients expectations have to be handled on a timely manner. Through this process, the management will be able to introduce the right steps through which the corrective policies can be introduced (Singh, Smith, 2006). Competitors performance and price offering has to be checked. This would help in improving the performance and productivity for the company. At the time of analysing the competitors offer, the company evaluates the type of services and price that is being rendered to the clients. Through this process, the company adopts and implements the corrective steps through which the quality of services for the clients can be improved. At the time of introducing new offers for the clients, it is necessary to analyse the price involved in the process. This has to be done to understand the benefits that would be derived by the company (Wong, and Aspinwall, 2005). Strengths The major strength is that it is known as 3rd largest airline companies and the company carries long haul flights to deal with the different parts of the world. The company constantly works on serving clients with respect to best services. Thus, it believes in gaining better image with respect to consumer needs. Weakness The company faces huge issues with many strikes that create flight cancellations. There could have no conclusion that occurs between the company and the crew unit. Opportunities The company can introduce reasonable flights for the customers; it can include better services for the company. Threats Poor economy threats lead to high level of competition and it easily impacts the changing economy. (Nalley, 2014) Competitive strategy Sustainable competitive edge allows the organization to develop the competitors and also it performs consistently. A sustainable competitive edge is, when firms possess value creation process and also leads to the production successfully. Therefore, a sustainable competitive edge helps to allow the improvements of the companys position and enables the business to deal with the competition over a long period of time. The current market condition and the competition that exist in the market where the company intends to deal with the new venture with an effective way. Creating sustainable competitive edge is vital for all companies and it entails pricing factors over competitors with the required resources. These attributes focus on highly trained and skilled personnel human resources with the help of new tools and technologies. British Airways possess two major competitive advantages such as strategic alliances with other airlines and direct flights to worldwide. It is served by its alliance with 13 other airlines such as American airlines, Cathay Pacific, etc. British Airways is able to fly to over 550 locations in the world. It possesses strong advantage to provide the fastest flights to London and it possesses non stop services. It saves the time of the customers and also the changing flights. Thus, to deal with the sustainable advantage, British Airways must focus on value chain activities that will be complex for competitors to replicate. Other sustainable advantages that is carried by British Airways are dealt under resource based skills and competencies. They were the 1st London airlines to be known as a training center and were classified as cabin crew with the Level 2 and they had the ability to fly and manage the passengers safely with the large economies of scale with respect to the suppliers. Suggestions for strategic initiatives It appears that the main reason of the trouble is associated with the British Airways is due to unplanned management and because of the insufficient awareness; it should focus on administrative system. British Airways should incorporate and concentrate on protecting the market place and service areas. It is believed to be most successful for the performance. British Airways should result in profits and it could improve the growth for British Airways in terms of value-added services. It could also improve the experience of the customers and other value added services could improve to make it more competitive. This way, it could endeavor to decrease the costs and improve the customers as well employees fulfillment. Thus, it has appeared that strategic management could identify the intentions of an organization and it can also attain these intentions. Thus, it offers issues with respect to the performance of the organization and helps the managers to plan in a tactical way. Transformational leadership can help British Airways to achieve the major changes and the leaders can create a vision for the future with respect to the employees in terms of emotional commitment. With British Airways, the key to success could lead to higher profits and it could deal with the passionate commitment for the ability to share the vision of the employees. Functional area involvement in implementing strategic initiatives British Airways treat its staff as the biggest assets and thus, it works on different ways to increase the productivity. Decisions regarding business improvements depend on effective planning and it also utilizes the staff for the organization. There are different areas in implementing strategic initiatives such as: With respect to the employees performance, the organizations outcomes are evaluated. Effective management on financial challenges and the staffs of the company is known to be the major key performance indicators for the organization such as British Airways. New venture needs strong investment and it is vital to control the expenses. There are different functions in an organization where the decisions could be taken by the managers with respect to entering the new and different market, drafting and designing policies involved in the business and dealing with best plans for data procurement which could be useful for the company. The managers make decisions to execute the tasks properly and it is important to gather the data with respect to the management and communicate to the higher level of management. The operational managers execute the task with respect to the processing tickets in an effective approach. This way, British Airways can increase the productivity. Marketing: With this process, the brand awareness id developed with the company and British Airways is one of the leading companies that aim to store better market share. For the effective marketing function, it is communicated with respect to the team in the company. Advertisements focused by the marketing team helped to increase the brand awareness among different market segments. Finance: This is important function that concentrates on project preparation and helps to motivate the company. The level of transparency is maintained and it is done to make proper use of KPI and ratios with respect to business performance. Supply chain: The supply chain helps to ensure the business performance and it has no problems with the stocks and marketing for the company. Customer service: The Company aims to increase the quality of the services and it also renders effective services. This ensures best services with respect to tickets booking, queries resolving etc. It will evaluate the performance. With this method, the company desires to meet the right approach for maintaining the customer relations. The aim of the customer service is to deal with the quality of the services are effectively measured and controlled by the management. This will increase the sales for the company for profit margins. Ethical issues Besides this, the system should adopt to be ethical with respect to the staff members and management. With respect to the same, no one can deal with the information regarding the information of the company without being authorized. Ethical practices are meant to deal with the members that dont make inappropriate use of the information and the authorities should be used in a prescribed manner. This ensures that the same is not exchanged and is not authorized to deal with the information. Conclusion The key factors affecting the business performance has to be analysed. This will help in introduce the best policies through which the required changes for improving the business performance can be introduced. In this method, the challenges faced by the management for implementing the corrective steps have to be analysed. For this, the required information and other details regarding the business performance have to be collected. This will help in improving the proposed service quality by the company. References Buxey, G. (2000). Strategies in an Era of Global Competition, International Journal of Operations and Production Management, 20(9), 997-1016. Cleland, D. I.; Ireland, R. L. 2002. Project Management: Strategic Design and Implementation. New York: McGraw-Hill. Das, A., Kumar, V., Kumar, U. (2011). The role of leadership competencies for implementing TQM: An empirical study in Thai manufacturing industry. 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